What Is Adult Scoliosis?

What is Adult Scoliosis? Understanding the Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment Options

Scoliosis is often thought of as a condition that affects children and teenagers, but did you know that adults can develop it too? Adult scoliosis refers to an abnormal sideways curvature of the spine that either progresses from childhood or develops due to age-related changes in the spine. It can range from mild to severe and may cause pain, posture issues, and even mobility challenges.

So, what causes adult scoliosis, and what are the treatment options? Let’s take a closer look.

What Causes Adult Scoliosis?

There are several reasons why scoliosis can develop or worsen in adulthood. The most common causes include:

1. Degenerative Scoliosis (Adult-Onset Scoliosis)

As we age, the spine naturally undergoes wear and tear. The discs and joints in the spine can deteriorate, causing the vertebrae to shift and form an abnormal curve. This type of scoliosis is most common in people over 40 and is often linked to arthritis or spinal degeneration.

Risk Factors: Aging, genetics, obesity, poor posture, and a sedentary lifestyle.

2. Idiopathic Scoliosis

Some adults have scoliosis that started in childhood but was never treated. While it may have remained stable for years, the curve can progress over time, leading to symptoms in adulthood.

3. Neuromuscular Scoliosis

Conditions like cerebral palsy, muscular dystrophy, or spinal cord injuries can affect muscle strength and balance, leading to an abnormal curvature of the spine.

4. Trauma or Surgery

Previous injuries or spinal surgeries can sometimes lead to scoliosis by causing instability or improper healing of the spine.

5. Osteoporosis-Related Scoliosis

Osteoporosis weakens the bones, making them more prone to fractures. If vertebrae collapse due to bone loss, it can lead to a sideways curvature of the spine.

Signs and Symptoms of Adult Scoliosis

The symptoms of adult scoliosis can vary depending on the severity of the curve and its impact on the body. Common symptoms include:

•Uneven shoulders or hips – One side of the body may appear higher than the other.

•Back pain – This is the most common symptom, often caused by spinal degeneration.

•Numbness or weakness – If the spine compresses nerves, it can lead to tingling or weakness in the legs.

•Difficulty walking or balancing – Severe cases may affect coordination.

•Fatigue – Muscles work harder to compensate for the spinal curve, leading to exhaustion.

•Breathing issues – In rare cases, a severe curve can restrict lung capacity.

If you’re experiencing persistent back pain or postural changes, it may be time to consult a specialist.

How is Adult Scoliosis Treated?

The treatment approach depends on the severity of the scoliosis and the level of discomfort it causes.

Non-Surgical Treatments

Most adults with scoliosis can manage their symptoms without surgery. Common non-invasive treatments include:

✅ Pain Management – Over-the-counter pain relievers like ibuprofen or acetaminophen can help ease discomfort.

✅ Physical Therapy – Exercises designed to strengthen the core and improve posture can help stabilize the spine. The Schroth Method for Scoliosis has been proven to improve posture and reduce pain.

✅ Custom Bracing – While braces are more commonly used in children, our 3D over-corrective scoliosis brace can help alleviate pain and stabilize scoliosis curves in adults.

✅ Lifestyle Changes – Maintaining a healthy weight, improving posture, and staying active can slow the progression of scoliosis.

Surgical Treatments

In severe cases where scoliosis leads to debilitating pain, nerve compression, or mobility issues, surgery may be necessary. Surgical options include:

🔹 Spinal Fusion – This procedure stabilizes the spine by permanently fusing two or more vertebrae together.

🔹 Spinal Instrumentation – Metal rods, screws, or plates may be inserted to help correct and support the spine.

🔹 Decompression Surgery – If scoliosis is causing nerve compression, removing a portion of the vertebrae can relieve pressure on the spinal cord.

What’s the Outlook for Adults with Scoliosis?

The good news? Most adults with scoliosis can live active, pain-free lives with proper treatment. Mild cases can often be managed with physical therapy and lifestyle changes, while moderate to severe cases may require medical intervention. Regular check-ups with a specialist can help monitor the condition and prevent complications.

If you’re concerned about scoliosis, don’t wait to seek help. At Denver Physical Medicine & Rehab, we specialize in non-surgical scoliosis treatment. Call our Scoliosis Specialist Clinic at 303-757-7280 for a Free Scoliosis Consultation today!